Effects of High Blood Pressure

The effects of high blood pressure (also known as hypertension) over time can include a heart attack, kidney failure, and congestive heart failure. The body structures most vulnerable to the effects of high blood pressure include the blood vessels, heart, brain, and kidneys. Fortunately, making certain lifestyle changes can help reduce the effects of high blood pressure on these vital organs.

 

Effects of High Blood Pressure: An Overview

High blood pressure is often referred to as "the silent killer." Most people with high blood pressure (also known as hypertension) don't have any high blood pressure symptoms, since the effects of high blood pressure are occurring inside the body.
 
The body structures that chronic high blood pressure affects most include:
 
  • Blood vessels
  • Heart
  • Brain
  • Kidneys
  • Eyes.
     
Because of the effects of high blood pressure on these organs, a person who has had high blood pressure for a long time (known as chronic hypertension) can have:
 

Effects of High Blood Pressure on Blood Vessels

The small blood vessels in the vital organs are commonly affected by high blood pressure over time.
 High blood pressure causes blood vessels to become scarred, hardened, and less elastic -- which means they are more likely to get blocked or rupture. This may happen naturally as you get older (whether or not your blood pressure is too high), but high blood pressure can speed up this process.
 
Another one of the effects of high blood pressure on your blood vessels is that it may play a role in the development of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is the process of the artery walls becoming thicker (also known as narrowing or "hardening") due to a buildup of fat and cholesterol. High blood pressure adds strain to the blood vessel walls, putting them at higher risk for developing atherosclerosis than they would be otherwise.
 
(Effects of High Blood Pressure Continued: Page 2)
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Written by/reviewed by: Arthur Schoenstadt, MD
Last reviewed by: Arthur Schoenstadt, MD
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